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H. H. VAUGHAN.

SYSTEMDF HEAT GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29. I9I5.

Patented July 29, 1919.

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H. H. VAUGHAN.

SYSTEM OF HEAT GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29. mm.

1 ,3 1 1 ,783. Patented July 29, 1919.

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H. H. VAUGHAN.

SYSTEM OF HEAT GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29. IBIS 1,311,783.

Patented J fily 29, 1919.

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H. H. VAUGHAN.

SYSTEM OF HEAT GENERATION AND DISIRIBUTION FOH RAIL WAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29. l9l5.

1 ,3 1 1 ,783. Patnted July 29, 1919.

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H. H. VAUGHAN.

SYSTEM OF HEAT GENERATION AND DISIRIBUTION FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.29. ms.

1,311,783. Patented July 29, 1919.

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HENRY H. VAUGHAN, O-F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

' SYSTEM OF HEAT G ENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION" 'FOR RAILWAY-CARS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 29, 1919.

Applicationnled November 29, 1915. Serial No; 64,097.

T0 all whom itmay 0011001 12 Be it known that I, I-lmnn H. VAUGHAN,acitizen of the United States, residingat Montreal, in the ProvinceoiVQuebec, Domi-niono-f Canada, 'have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Systems of Heat. Generation and i Distribution forRailway-Cars, of'w-hich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a system of heat generation and distribution,and the principal object of the invention is toprovide an improvedapparatus of this sort for-use particularly in dining cars, privatecars, and the like, furnished with cooking devices, requiring a heatingmedium at-ccrtaln times, as well as withradiators for heating the carduringcold weather. The invention contemplates the employment, whereverpossible, 0f steam taken from the steam train line, that is, fromthesupply pipe running the length of'thc train and receiving its supply ofsteam from the locomotive: Cars of the type mentioned are, however,l1kely to stand disconnected from a locomotive for considerable periodsof time, during which they may be occupied so as to require heatingmedium either for cooking or general heating purposes, or both. Theinvention, therefore, provides, in its preferred embodiment, a closedhot water circulating system for keeping the car at a proper temperatureduring cold weather and a local steam generator, which may be used whentrain line steam is not available, for generating; steam forheating thewater in the water circulatory system and also for supplying steam andwater of condensation to the cooking devices.

"The invention has for a further object to provide certain new anduseful improvements in a steam generator for use in asystem of the typeabove described or-in analogous situations.

With the above stated *ob 'ects in view, my invention consists in thenovel and improved devices, arrangements and constructions in a heatgenerating and distributing system for railway cars which will behereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated, in certain preferred embodiments;=in theaccompanying drawings where1n- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representationof a dining can furnishedwlth a generating and distributing systemconstructed according to the principles of my invention; the car beingshownin plan section-andcertain parts of the heatingsystem in plan andothers in elevation.

Fig. 2 is a sectional'elevation, on 'an'enlarged scale, of the steam"generator, the cooking devices and certain othcr' related elements ofthe system.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentar vertical sectional view of the upper portion ofthe generator.

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan online of Fig.

Fig. 5 isa detail view; in elevation, of the lever for operating certainof the valves or dampers of the generator. v

Fig. 6 is aview, similar to Fig. 2, illustrating a modification.

Fig. 7 is a-vertical sectionalview illustrating the'constructionoi? oneof the two pairs of valves en iployed in the modified system shown inFig; 6 for'preventing circulation through the water circulatory systemat such'times as the car does notrequire artificial heating.

' Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken onli-ne 88 ofFig. 7, and

Fig. 9 is a view, similar to Fig. 6, illustrating another modification.

-- Like characters of reference designate like parts in the severalfigures of the drawings.

Referring first to Figs. 1. to 5- inclusive, 10 designates a dining carof which 11 is the (lining-room section and 121.110 kitchen section. 13is the steam train pipe which runs the length of the train'and receivessteam; from the locomotive. '14, 14 are water circulating coilsorradiators,and' 15, 15 their respective expansion tanks- The water'forthe water circulatory systcm,"consisting 'of radiators 14, 14, is heatedby means of steam taken from the train pipe 12-), when steam isavailablefronrthis source, or when not so available, by local steam generated bythe steam generator 16. The steam heating device for heating the waterin this manner consists preferably of water coils 17, 17 through whichextend steam coils'lS. 18 which are connected by pipes 19, 20 with thetrain pipe 13 and by pipes 19, 21 with the steam space 22 in the boiler23 of thegenerator. The generator is preferably formed with an inner1111024 and an outer flue '25, and the duplex coils 1 7", 17*, 18,18

are located in the outer flue. Suitable valves or dampers are provided'for the purpose of directing the gases of combustion from the fire box26 of the generator into either the inner flue or the outer flue. Whenthe water circulatory system is in operation, that is, during winterweather, the heat from the generator passes to the stack flue 27 throughthe outer connecting flue 25, and by coming into contact with the watercoils 17, 17 assists the steam in heat ing the water therein In warmweather, when the system is used only for cooking purposes, the productsof combustion are excluded from the outer flue and from contact with thewater heating coils nd pass to the stack through the inner flue 24. Withthese ends in view, the annular member 28, which separates the outerflue 25 from the inner flue 24, is provided with openings 29 adapted tobe closed by a damper 30 manipulated by a handle 31 which extendsthrough a slot 32 in the outer wall 33 of the upper portion of thegenerator. The inner flue is provided at the bottom with a damper 34carried on a rod 35 which extends through the cylindrical member 36defining the inner flue and through the wall 33, and is provided with ahandle 37 having a slight rocking movement to and from the wall of thegenerator. The handle is pressed by a spring 38 and is formed with atooth 39 adapted to engage with one or other of the openings 40 formedin a plate 41 on the side of the generator. In telescopic relation withthe upper end of the cylindrical member 36 is a sleeve 42 adapted toaline with the stack flue 43 of the generator. The sleeve 42 isconnected by a link 44 and cross piece 45 with the damper 34. When thedamper 34 is open sleeve 42 is raised so as to shut off communicationbetween the outer connecting flue 25 and the stack flue 43. 7 Whendamper 34 is closed the sleeve 42 is lowered to a position which willpermit the gases of combustion to pass from the outer connecting flue 25into flue 43. The cooking devices which, in the preferred arrangementshown, consist of a steam cooker 46, a cup warmer 47, a bain marie 48, asteam table 49, and a steam kettle 50, are heated by steam, and water ofcondensation, taken from the steam generator through pipe 19*, which isa continuation of pipe 19, the steam passages of the devices 46, 47, 48,49, being connected together and the Water of condensation from thesteam table 49 being returned to the boiler 23 of the generator by pipe51. The steam kettle 50 is connected to pipe 19 by a pipe 52 anddischarges into pipe 51 through a pipe 53. The latter is provided with acheck valve 54 which prevents pressure in the steam boiler from backingthe water of condensation into the steam kettle above the water level inthe boiler. Pipe 51 is pro vided with a similar check valve 55. Thesteam coils of the water heating device 18, 18 discharge into a pipe 56Which runs to pipe 51. A pipe 57 leads from pipe 56 to a steam trap 58under the floor of the car.

Pipe 57 is connected with pipe 21 by a short gage 63 and steam pressuregage 64. Pipes 19, 20, 21, 19 51, 57 and are provided with shutoffvalves numbered respectively 65,. 66, 67, 68, 69,70 and 71.

The operation of the apparatus above described is as follows: When trainpipe steam is available, valves 66 and 70 are opened and valves 67 and69 closed.

If the car is to be heated (as in winter) steam flows from the trainpipe 13 and pipe 20 through pipe 19, valve being opened, and the steamcoils 18, 18 Water 01 condensation is discharged through pipes 56, 57and trap 58. If steam is required for the steam cooking devices 46, 47,48, 49, 50 (which with their connecting conduits Will be termed,somewhat arbitrarily, in certain of the claims, the steam circulatorysystem) valve 68 is opened and steam from pipe 20 flows through pipe 19to the cooking devices, the water of condensation outflowing throughpipes 51, 53, 56, and thence into pipe 57 leading to the trap. Certainof the steam cooking devices, for example the devices" 48, 49, 50, areheated in whole or in part by water of condensation. For this reason thepipe 57 taps pipe 56 at the water level of the system, that is to say,the normal water level in the boiler 23 of generator 16.

When the car is cut off from a train and train pipe steam is no longerobtainable, steam is generated in the generator bylighting a fire in thefire box 26. Under these conditions valves 66 and 70 are closed andvalves 67, 69 opened. For heating the water in the radiators 14, 14,steam passes from the boiler 23 through pipes 21 to pipe 19 and thencethrough the steam coils 18, 18*, water of condensation being returned tothe boiler through pipes 56 and 51.

Steam for the cooking devices enters pipe 19 from pipe 20. Water ofcondensation is returned to the boiler through pipe 51.

Thus when operating with steam generated in the generator the system isa closed system, the water of condensation being saved and returned tothe generator. When operating with steam taken from the train pipe thewater of condensation is discharged to the atmosphere. It might, ofcourse, if desired, be returned to some suitable storage tank. In anyevent, it is discharged outof the system. Water losses, which may occurwhen the system is operated as a closed sys tem, may be replenished byoperating pump 61. Check valve 62, in such case, prevents waterfrombeing forced back into the cooking devices.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, the steam heatingdevice, consisting of coils 17, 17 18, 18, is located in a flue or space25 between the combustion chamber 26 of the generator and the stack llue27 so that .heat from the generator will come into contact with thewater coils, thereby assisting the steam in heating the water in saidcoils. In such case, damper 34 is closed and sleeve 42 lowered anddamper 30 opened. lVhen no artificial heat is required for the ear thedamper 3% is opened, damper 3O closed and sleeve 42 raised so. that theproducts of combustion pass through the inner flue 24 and do not heatthe water coil.

This same result is obtained in a different way by the modifiedapparatus shown in Fig. 6. In this case the generator 72 has a singleflue or space 73 in which the duplex water coil 7st is located so thatwhenever fire is lighted in the generator the water in the coil 74 isnecessarily heated. The Water, however, is prevented from circulatingthrough the radiators, the connecting pipes of which are designated 75,76 and 77, 78, by two pairs of valves, one pair for each radiator. Thesevalves are the same for each radiator, the construction of one air, thatfor pipe 75, 76, being shown in Iigs. 7 and 8. a 7 9 is a valve casinginterposed in pipe 7 5, and 7 9 a similar casing interposed in pipe 76.The valve casings are connected by a pipe section 80. In the casings arerevoluble valve bodies 81, 81 formed with ports 82, 82 and branch ports83, 83*. The valve'bodies are provided with handles 84. With the valvesin the position shown in Fig. 7 the water heated in coils 74 willcirculatethrough the radiator connected with pipes 75,76. With thevalves turned at right angles tothe position shown in Fig. 7 in,the,clirection, in each case, indicated by the curved arrows outside thevalve casings, the water from the water coil 7 4: will pass from onevalvethrough connecting pipe to the other valve and back to the heatingcoil.

IIn. other respects the system, so 'far as shown in Fig. 6, is the sameas that shown in the previous figures. The corresponding parts shown inFig. 6. are designated by corresponding numerals.

A further modification is shown in Fig. 9. The water heating coil 85 isarr: nged outside of the generator 86. It therefore receivescomparatively little heat, the heating of .the water being accomplishedalmost exclusively by the steam generated in 6e; the enerator. Thearrangement, however,

has the advantage that the coil can be made larger in diameter and henceits vertical di inension may be diminished. It also may be arrangednearer the floor so that the water circulation from the coil to theexpansion tanks 87, 88 is increased whereby a quicker circulationthrough the radiators is obtained.

In this modification, the construction, except in the respects abovedescribed. is the same as in the preceding figures so that the elementsof the system shown but not described have been given the same referencenumerals as the corresponding parts in the previously describedconstruction.

lVhile I have described my invention in. certain preferred embodiments,it will be understood that further modifications might be made withoutdeparture from the principles of the invention. Therefore I do not wishto be understood as limiting the invention to the precise constructions,arrangements and devices shown and described except so far as the claimsare specifically so limited.

I claim:

1. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a water circulating system, a st 1am generator havinga fire box, boiler and two lines; a steam circulatory system and a steamheating device for the water system adapted to receive steam from theboiler of the generator separately or conjointly; the heating devicebeing arranged in one of the fines of said generator; and means fordirec-ting gases of combustion from the fire box of the generatorthrough either one or the other of said fines, as desired.

2. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator having a fire box, boiler and twolines; a closed water coil in one of said flucs, a steam operatedheating device for said coil in. the same flue adapted to receive steamfrom the boiler of said generator, and means for directing gases oicombustion from'the fire box of the generator through either one orother of said flues, as desired.

3. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator, a steam operated water heatingdevice adapted to receive steam from said generator, and means fordirecting heat from the generator against the water heater or away fromthe same, as desired.

1. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator having a fire box, a boiler, aninner flue and an outer flue; means for directing gases of combustioninto eitherthe inner flue or the outer fine; and a duplex water heatingcoil in one of said fiues consisting of a water pipe and within the samea steam pipe, the latter being connected with the boiler the generator.

5. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator having a fire box, a boiler, aninner flue and an outer flue; means for directing gases of combustioninto either the inner flue or the outer flue; and a duplex water heatingcoil in the outer flue consisting of a water pipe and, within the same,a steam pipe, the latter being connected with the boiler of thegenerator.

6. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator having a fire boX, a boiler, aninner flue, an outer flue, and a stackflue which latter extends throughthe roof of the car; means for putting either the inner or outer flue incommunication with the fire box and the stack flue and excluding gasesof combustion from the other of said first named fines; and a duplexwater heating coil in the outside flue consisting of a water pipe andwithin the same a steam pipe which is connected with the boiler of thegenerator.

7. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator comprising a fire box, a boiler,inner and outer flues, and a stack flue, a damper in the bottom of theinner flue, a sleeve at the upper end of the inner flue connected withsaid damper so as to be raised and lowered to put the inner and outerfiues respectively, in communication with the stack flues, a damper tocontrol the flow of gases from the combustion chamber to the outer flue,and a duplex water heating coil in the outer flue consisting of a waterpipe, and a steam pipe within the water pipe which is connected with theboiler of the generator.

8. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam generator having a fire box, a boiler and afine, a duplex water heating coil arranged in said flue comprising awater pipe and a steam pipe within the water pipe which is connectedwith the boiler !of said generator.

9. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a steam train pipe, a hot water circulatory system, asteam generator, a steam circulatory system adapted to receive steameither from the generator or the train pipe, and a steam heating devicefor the water system adapted to receive steam from the generator or thetrain pipe and arranged so as to receive heat directly from thegenerator.

10. In a heat generatingand distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combina tion of a steam train pipe, a hot water circulatory system,a steam generator, a steam circulatory system ad apated to receive steameither from the generator or the train pipe, and a steam heating devicefor the water system adapted to receive steam from the generator or thetrain pipe and arranged so that heat from the generator may-be directedagainst the same or away from the same, as desired.

11. In a heat generating and distributing apparatus for a railway car,the combination of a train pipe, a steam generator, and a steam operatedwater heating device arranged so as to receive heat directly from thegenerator and to be supplied additionally with steam therefrom or fromsaid train pipe.

12. The combination with a railway car, of a steam train pipe, a hotwater radiator in the car, a steam cooking apparatus in the car, a steamoperated device for heating water for the water radiator, a steamgenerator, means for supplying steam to said heating device and cookingapparatus from either the train pipe orthe steam generator, a returnpipe for returning water of condensation to the boiler of the generatorwhen the latter is in operation, a steam trap for discharging water ofcondensation when steam is taken from the train pipe, and a pipe leadingto the trap which taps said return pipe at the normal water level of theboiler of the generator.

13. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of thefollowing instrumentalities located in the car, namely, a watercirculatory system, a local steam generator, a heating device forheating the water of the water circulatory system which employs steam asits heating medium, means whereby steam may be supplied to said heatingdevice either from the local steam generator or from the train pipe, asdesired, a discharge device forwater of condensation from the heatingdevice, and means whereby said water of condensation may be returned tothe boiler of the local steam genera-tor or discharged through saiddischarge device.

14. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of thefollowing instrumentalities located in the car, namely, a watercirculatory system, a local steam generator, a heating device forheating the water of the water circulatory system which employs steam asits heating medium, a separate steam circulatory system, and meanswhereby steam may be supplied to said heating device or to said steamcirculatory system, or to either of them, either from the localsteam'generator or from the train pipe, as desired.

15. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a watercirculatory system in the car, a local steam generator,

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a'heating device for heating the water of the Water circulatory systemwhich employs steam as its heating medium, a separate steam circulatorysystem, and means whereby steam may be supplied to saidheating device orto said ste'anr circulatory vsystem, or to either of them, either fromthe local steam generator or from the train pipe, as desired, -adischarge device for water of condensation from said heating device andsteam circulatory system, or either of them, and means whereby saidWater of condensation may be returned to the boiler of the local steamgenerator or discharged through said discharge device.

16. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a watercirculatory system in the car, a local steam generator, a heating devicefor heating the water of the water circulatory system which employssteam as its heating medium, a separate steam circulatory system, meanswhereby steam may be supplied to said heating device or to said steamcirculatory system, or either of them, either from the steam generatoror from the train pipe, as desired, and means for maintaining water ofcondensation at a constant level in said separate steam circulatorysystem.

17. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a watercirculatory system in the car, a local steam generator, a heating devicefor heating the water of the water circulatory system which employssteam as its heatin medium, means whereby steam may be supp ied to saidheating device either from the local steam generator or from the trainpipe, as desired, said heating device being located so that it may beheated directly by the fire in said generator, and means whereby theheat from the local steam generator fire may be deflected from saidheating device so that it does not come into direct contact therewith.

18. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a closedwater circulatory system comprising radiating pipes and a coil in whichthe water is heated, a local steam generator comprising a firebox and aboiler, the latter providing a space for water and steam, steam cookingapparatus, a steam coil for heating the water in said water coil, pipeconnections having shut-ofl' valves whereby steam may be supplied to thesteam coil or to the cooking apparatus or to both from either the localsteam generator or from the train pipe, a discharge device for water ofcondensation and pipe connections having shut-off valves whereby waterof condensation from the steam coil or steam cooking apparatus can beeither returned to the boiler of the local steam generator ordischarqed'through said discharge device.

19. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a closedwater citculatory system comprising radiating pipes and a coil inwhichthe water is heated, a local steam generator comprising a fireboxand a boiler, the latter providing a space for water and steam, steamcooking apparatus arranged so that a part of the same is below thenormal water level in the boiler o'fthc local steam generator, a steamcoil for heating the water in said water coil, pipe connections havingshut-oil valves whereby steam may be supplied to the steam coil or tothe cooking apparatus or to both from either the local steam generatoror from the train pipe, at discharge device for water of condensationand pipe connections having shut-oil valves whereby water ofcondensation from the steam coil or steam cooking apparatus can beeither returned to the boiler of the local steam generator or dischargedthrough said discharge device, said discharge device being arranged toreceive water of condensation at a level substantially that of the waterlevel in the boiler so that water is maintained at a constant level inthe cooking apparatus whether such apparatus be supplied from the trainpipe or from the local steam generator.

20. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a closedwater circulatory system comprising radiating pipes and a coil in whichthe water is heated, a local steam generator comprising a fire-box and aboiler, the latter providing a space for water 7 from the train pipe, atdischarge device for water of condensation and pipe connections havingshut-ofi valves whereby water of condensation from the steam coil orsteam cooking apparatus can be either returned to the boiler of thelocal steam generator or discharged through said discharge device; saidwater coil being located within the local steam generator so that it mayreceive heat directly therefrom as well as from the steam generatedthereby.

21. The combination with a railway car and steam train pipe, of a closedwater circulatory system comprising radiating pipes and a coil in whichthe water is heated, a local steam generator comprising a fire-box and aboiler, the latter providing a space for water and steam, steam cookingapparatus, a steam coil for heating the water in said water coil, pipeconnections having shut-off valves whereby steam may be supplied to thesteam coil or to the cooking apparatus or to both from either the localsteam generator or from the train pipe, a discharge device for water ofcondensation, ipe connections having shut-ofi' valves where y water ofcondensation from the steam coil or steam cookwater from being forcedbackwardly into ing apparatus can be either returned to the the cookingapparatus.

- boiler of the local steam generator or dis- HENRY H VAUGHAN.

charged through said discharge device, a

water supply tank, a pump for forcing water Witnesses:

thereform into the water space of the local GORDON G. CooKE, generator,and a check valve to prevent DAVID ROBERGEL Copies of this patent may beobtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

